brain
Acronym:
BRN
The term brain (BRN) refers to one of two parts of the central nervous system (CNS) as defined by dissection in vertebrates ( Swanson-2015 ).. It is the part of the CNS located in the cranial cavity (CCV); the other is the spinal cord (SPC). Some biologists also use 'brain' in reference to the central ganglion of the nervous system of invertebrate species ( Wikipedia ).
Neuroscientists have created at least five comprehensive hierarchical models of BRN topology and internal structure in sufficient detail to be used for quantitative analyses of BRN structure and function ( Bowden-1997 ). They are based on atlases in which the BRN of different species are subdivided in different ways, but all reflect a common basic organization of vertebrate brain structure and function.
The models include: 1) a Structural Model in which substructures are grouped by proximity as the brain is dissected and analyzed histologically into smaller and smaller substructures ( Bowden-1995, Rohlfing-2012 ) and updated in this version of NeuroNames); 2) a Developmental Model in which structures are grouped by the location of their precursor structures (prosomeres) in the embryo ( Puelles-2013 ); 3) a Gene Expression Model in which gene expression is mapped to the Developmental Model ( Watson-2007, ARA-2011 ); 4) a Neurobehavioral State Model in which substructures are grouped by a combination of structural, developmental, connectional and functional features ( Swanson-2004 ); and 5) a Neurobehavioral Control Model in which structures are grouped into one of four sensorimotor systems and three loop circuit systems of the overall nervous system ( summarized in Bowden-2021 and under development in this version of NeuroNames ). Final 23 Dec 2024.
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Also known as: suprasegmental structuresNeuroNames ID : 21
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