The term frontopolar area (FPA) refers to a histologically identified subdivision of cerebral cortex (CTX) at the frontal pole (frp) in the human, macaque, rat and mouse.. In the human it is a composite substructure of the frontal lobe (FLB) that includes parts of the topological frontomarginal gyrus (ORGfm) and three transverse frontopolar gyri (FPG) ( Mai-1997 ) and identical to histologically defined area 10p ( Ongur-2003 ). In the macaque it is identical to area 10m ( Carmichael-1994 ). In the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and mouse ( Hof-2000 ) it is identified histologically as the site where the motor cortex, prelimbic area, frontal association area, and orbital areas (rodent) converge. Some authors do not regard the FRP as a separate structure in the mouse but continue to segment those areas as they converge at the frontal pole ( Franklin-2008 ). Others regard it as the termination of the frontal association area rostral to termination of the other two ( Paxinos-2009b ). ( See also: frontal pole (frp). )