precentral gyrus - BrainInfo

precentral gyrus (PRG)

The term precentral gyrus refers to the convolution of cerebral cortex immediately rostral to the central sulcus in human ( Carpenter-1983 ) and macaque ( Martin-2000 ). Defined by dissection, it is located at the caudal extreme of the frontal lobe. In the human it is variably bounded rostrally by the superior precentral sulcus, the intermediate precentral sulcus and the inferior precentral sulcus; it is bounded on the mesial surface of the hemisphere by the cingulate sulcus. Ventrolaterally it is bounded by the lateral fissure and forms a lip over the insula known as the precentral operculum. The boundaries in the macaque are similar except that the rostral border is partially defined by the spur of the arcuate sulcus and the inferior ramus of the arcuate sulcus. It occupies a much larger proportion of the frontal lobe in the macaque than in the human. Equivalent structures are not found in the smooth cerebral cortex of the rat or mouse.

Also known as: precentral gyrus, Gyrus precentralis, Gyrus praecentralis, Gyrus centralis anterior, prerolandic gyrus, precentral convolution, motor cortex (Noback), anterior central gyrus

NeuroNames ID: 89

All Names & Sources

1 of 19

Showing 19 synonym(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 19 synonym(s)

Name:

circunvolución precentral

Language:

Spanish

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Citation:

edicion 4, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; traducción de Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, efectuada por el Dr. Alejandro Kaufman

Source Title:

Neuroanatomía Fundamentos

Name:

circunvolución frontal ascendente

Language:

Spanish

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Citation:

edicion 4, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; traducción de Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, efectuada por el Dr. Alejandro Kaufman

Source Title:

Neuroanatomía Fundamentos

Name:

передняя центральная извилина

Language:

Russian

Organism:

human

Source:

Savel'ev-1996

Citation:

AREA XVII, Moscow, 1996.

Source Title:

Stereoskopicheskii Atlas Mozga Cheloveka

Name:

предцентральная извилина

Language:

Russian

Organism:

human

Source:

Savel'ev-1996

Citation:

AREA XVII, Moscow, 1996.

Source Title:

Stereoskopicheskii Atlas Mozga Cheloveka

Name:

PrG

Language:

acronym

Organism:

human

Source:

Mai-1997

Citation:

San Diego: Academic Press, 1997

Source Title:

Atlas of the Human Brain

Name:

girus presentral

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

precentral gyrus

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

precentral gyrus

Language:

English

Organism:

Macaca mulatta

Source:

Krieg-1975

Citation:

Brain Books, Evanston, Illinois, 1975

Source Title:

Interpretive Atlas Of The Monkey's Brain

Name:

Gyrus precentralis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Nomina-1983

Citation:

Fifth Edition, Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1983

Source Title:

Nomina Anatomica

Name:

Gyrus praecentralis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Nieuwenhuys-1987

Citation:

Appendix 1 in Encyclopedia Of Neuroscience, George Adelman (Ed.), Birkhaeuser, Boston, 1:A1-A12, 1987

Source Title:

Illustrations of the gross anatomy of the brain

Name:

Gyrus centralis anterior

Language:

Latin

Organism:

Macaca nemestrina

Source:

Winters-1969

Citation:

University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Ca., 1969.

Source Title:

A Stereotaxic Brain Atlas For Macaca nemestrina

Name:

prerolandic gyrus

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Szikla-1977

Citation:

Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1977

Source Title:

Angiography Of The Human Brain Cortex: Atlas of Vascular Patterns and Stereotactic Cortical Localization

Name:

precentral convolution

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Crosby-1962

Citation:

New York: MacMillan, 1962

Source Title:

Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System

Name:

motor cortex (Noback)

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1975

Citation:

McGraw Hill, New York, 1975.

Source Title:

The Human Nervous System: Basic Principles of Neurobiology

Name:

giro precentrale

Language:

Italian

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1995

Citation:

EdiSes, s.r.l.- Napoli, 1995

Source Title:

Fondamenti di Neuroanatomia

Name:

anterior central gyrus

Language:

English

Organism:

Macaca mulatta

Source:

Peele-1942

Citation:

Journal of Comparative Neurology, 77:693-737, 1942

Source Title:

Cytoarchitecture of individual parietal areas in the monkey (Macaca mulatta) and the distribution of the efferent fibers

Name:

circonvolution frontale ascendante

Language:

French

Organism:

human

Source:

Duvernoy-1992

Citation:

Springer-Verlag, Paris, 1992

Source Title:

Le cerveau humain: Surface, coupes seriees tridimensionnelles et IRM

Name:

gyrus précentral

Language:

French

Organism:

human

Source:

Duvernoy-1992

Citation:

Springer-Verlag, Paris, 1992

Source Title:

Le cerveau humain: Surface, coupes seriees tridimensionnelles et IRM

Name:

PRG

Language:

acronym

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

NeuroNames

Citation:

University of Washington, Seattle, WA

Source Title:

NeuroNames

Illustrations

Showing 6 illustration(s)

surface view of
lateral aspect in
human

labeled line drawings of
sagittal section in
Macaca fascicularis

multiple views of
3D reconstruction in
Macaca mulatta

surface view of
lateral aspect in
macaque

drawing of
all aspects in
macaque

drawing of
lateral aspect in
macaque

Species With The Structure

Equivalent By	Human	Macaque	Rat	Mouse
Topology	Has The Structure	Has The Structure	Does Not Have The Structure	Does Not Have The Structure

1 of 11

Showing 11 record(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 11 record(s)

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

Gyrus praecentralis

Source:

Nieuwenhuys-1987

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

Gyrus precentralis

Source:

Nomina-1983

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

motor cortex (Noback)

Source:

Noback-1975

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

precentral convolution

Source:

Crosby-1962

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

precentral gyrus

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

prerolandic gyrus

Source:

Szikla-1977

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Macaca mulatta (Macaca mulatta)

Their Name:

anterior central gyrus

Source:

Peele-1942

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Macaca mulatta (Macaca mulatta)

Their Name:

precentral gyrus

Source:

Krieg-1975

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Macaca nemestrina (Macaca nemestrina)

Their Name:

Gyrus centralis anterior

Source:

Winters-1969

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Organism:

Rattus (rat)

Their Name:

---

Source:

Bowden-1997

Basis:

Topology

Has Equivalent:

Organism:

Mus (mouse)

Their Name:

---

Source:

NeuroNames

Models Where It Appears

Structural CNS Model - Macaque

Brain structures of the macaque are illustrated in BrainInfo’s NeuroMaps macaque brain atlas. Structures are grouped by proximity in a hierarchy corresponding to the central nervous system hierarchy of NeuroNames ( Bowden-1995 Martin-2000 ). Structures in the NeuroMaps atlas are based on the segmentation of an MRI of the brain of a 3-year old male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). The atlas is most useful for targeting structures for implantating electrodes and chemtrodes. Updated 29 Oct 2025.

brain

forebrain

endbrain

cerebral cortex (cortical plate)