This atlas presents thalamic and adjacent basal ganglia nuclei in sagittal cytoarchitectonic plates and sagittal maps of nuclear outlines with their computer reconstructions in the coronal and horizontal planes. Stereotaxis is based on the bicommissural coordinate system according to radiological landmarks. Segmentation is based on cytoarchitecture (thionin stain for Nissl substance) and connectivity as judged by tritiated amino acid axonography (Ilinsky-1987). The atlas can be used as a guide for accurate stereotactic placements in experimental procedures, for identification of the thalamic topography of the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and for comparison with brain atlases of other species that are registered to the bicommissural line. The publication is accompanied by a compact disk that illustrates thalamic structures with great detail in sagittal, coronal and horizontal planes.