supplementary motor area proper

supplementary motor area proper (SMApp)

The term supplementary motor area proper refers to the more posterior of two parts of mesial premotor cortex in the macaque and the human. It is defined on the basis of internal structure, neurochemistry, connections and function ( Matelli-2004 ). In both species it is located on the mesial surface rostrally in the precentral gyrus. In the human it extends to the VCA line caudally in the superior frontal gyrus; in the macaque it occupies more of the precentral gyrus and less of the superior frontal gyrus than in the human. It is associated with area 6a alpha of Vogts. In the macaque it is also known as area F3. Its major input is from the adjacent dorsal part of the anterior cingulate gyrus, and the posterior mesial part of the superior parietal lobule (area PECg). It is more activated with the performance of simple motor tasks than in motor tasks requiring selection between actions. Electrical stimulation elicits multi-joint movements of the proximal, postural musculature more than of distal musculature. Unlike primary motor cortex, the parts of supplementary motor area proper mediating movements of different body parts overlap, but, as in primary motor cortex, there exists a rostrocaudal face-arm-leg gradient. It is proposed to control motor function globally by mediating postural adjustments appropriate to simple actions and in executing automatic motor sequences. In the human, the supplementary motor area proper is subdivided into to two areas: a rostral area SMAr and a more caudal area SMAc. The more anterior part of mesial premotor cortex itself is the presupplementary motor area.

Also known as: SMA proper, area F3, supplementary motor area, supplementary motor area (M II), supplementary motor cortex, supplementary motor area proper

NeuroNames ID: 3176

All Names & Sources

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Showing 16 synonym(s)

Name:

SMA proper

Language:

English

Organism:

primate

Source:

Matelli-2004

Citation:

Chapter 26 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos and J. Mai (Eds.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004.

Source Title:

Motor Cortex

Name:

Language:

acronym

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Matelli-2004

Citation:

Chapter 26 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos and J. Mai (Eds.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004.

Source Title:

Motor Cortex

Name:

area F3

Language:

English

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Matelli-2004

Citation:

Chapter 26 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos and J. Mai (Eds.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004.

Source Title:

Motor Cortex

Name:

supplementary motor area

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

area motoria supplementare

Language:

Italian

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1995

Citation:

EdiSes, s.r.l.- Napoli, 1995

Source Title:

Fondamenti di Neuroanatomia

Name:

área motora suplementaria (MII)

Language:

Spanish

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Citation:

edicion 4, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; traducción de Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, efectuada por el Dr. Alejandro Kaufman

Source Title:

Neuroanatomía Fundamentos

Name:

supplementär-motorischer Kortex

Language:

German

Organism:

human

Source:

Schiebler-1999

Citation:

Eighth Edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1999.

Source Title:

Anatomie

Name:

supplementary motor area

Language:

English

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

korteks motorik suplementar

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

area motorik suplementar

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

supplementary motor area (M II)

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1991

Citation:

Fourth Edition, Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1991

Source Title:

Core Text of Neuroanatomy

Name:

supplementary motor cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-1990

Citation:

Chapter 22, pp. 757-802 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos (Ed.), Academic Press, San Diego, 1990

Source Title:

Cortex

Name:

supplementary motor cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Wise-1985a

Citation:

Annu Rev Neurosci 1985;8:1-19

Source Title:

The primate premotor cortex: past, present, and preparatory

Name:

MII

Language:

acronym

Organism:

mammal

Source:

Woolsey-1958

Citation:

in Biological and Biochemical Bases of Behavior, HF Harlow and CN Woolsey eds, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1958.

Source Title:

Organization of Somatic Sensory and Motor Areas of the Cerebral Cortex

Name:

SMApp

Language:

acronym

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

NeuroNames

Citation:

University of Washington, Seattle, WA

Source Title:

NeuroNames

Name:

supplementary motor area proper

Language:

English

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

Rizzolatti-2013c

Citation:

Source Title:

Voluntary Movement: The Parietal and Premotor Cortex.

Illustrations

Showing 1 illustration(s)

drawing of
all aspects in
human

Species With The Structure

Equivalent By	Human	Macaque	Rat	Mouse
Internal Structure	Has The Structure	Relevant Data Not Located	Relevant Data Not Located	Relevant Data Not Located

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Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

supplementary motor area

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

supplementary motor area (M II)

Source:

Carpenter-1991

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

supplementary motor cortex

Source:

Zilles-1990

Models Where It Appears

Topographic Model of Human Cerebral Cortex

The topographic model of human cerebral cortex is a closed partitive hierarchical model of cerebral cortical structure in the human. The cerebral cortex is segmented on the basis of internal structure, connectivity, and/or functions of cortical areas. It is designed to update the comprehensive early twentieth century parcellations of Brodmann and of von Economo and Koskinas and their successors. A work in progress, it integrates the most authoritative, comprehensive, and recent parcellations and nomenclatures from peer-reviewed publications and neuroanatomical texts. For an equivalent model in the rodent, Search BrainInfo for ' Functional CNS Model - Rat '. This segmentation of the human cerebral cortex, based on a combination of internal structure, connectivity, and function, complements the classical segmentation of the cerebral cortex into lobes, lobules, and gyri based on sulcal patterns: For the classical segmentation, see ' cerebral cortex ' and click 'Locus in Brain Hierarchy'.

cerebral cortex

frontal cortex

motor cortex (somatomotor areas)

primary motor cortex (primary somatomotor area)

premotor cortex (secondary somatomotor areas)

mesial secondary motor cortex (mesial premotor cortex)

supplementary motor area proper (SMA proper)

pre-SMA

dorsal secondary motor cortex (area PMD)

ventral secondary motor cortex (area PMV)