The term inferior temporal gyrus refers to one of six convolutions of the temporal lobe identified by dissection in the human ( Carpenter-1983 )...four in the macaque ( Martin-2000 ). Located on the ventral aspect of the cerebral hemisphere, it is separated at the inferior margin of the hemisphere from the middle temporal gyrus by the inferior temporal sulcus. Its caudal boundary is marked by the preoccipital notch. It is separated from the fusiform gyrus medially by the occipitotemporal sulcus. And its rostroventral boundaries with the middle temporal gyrus and the superior temporal gyrus occur, unmarked by anatomical features, at the inferior margin of the hemisphere. The inferior temporal gyrus of the macaque is similar, except that its boundary with the middle temporal gyrus is marked by three short sulci, which are topologically equivalent to the inferior temporal sulcus of the human, but, in the macaque, are named posterior middle temporal sulcus ( Martin-1996 ) middle temporal sulcus ( Krieg-1975 ), and anterior middle temporal sulcus ( Cheng-1997 ). Equivalent structures are not found in the smooth cerebral cortex of the rat or mouse ( NeuroNames ).