The term occipital gyrus (OCG) refers to the major convolution on the lateral surface of the occipital lobe (OLB) of the macaque cerebral cortex (CTX). Defined by dissection, it is bounded rostrally by the lunate sulcus of the human, which separates it from the angular gyrus of the parietal lobe, and ventrally by the inferior occipital sulcus, which separates it from the inferior occipital gyrus (IOG). On the mesial surface of the hemisphere it is quite small, partially separated from the cuneus dorsally by the superior calcarine fissure and from the IOG ventrally by the inferior calcarine fissure ( Martin-2000 ). Topologically it is equivalent to a combination of the superior occipital gyrus (SOG) and the middle occipital gyrus (MCG)of the human. It is not found in the smooth cerebral cortex of the rat or mouse ( NeuroNames-2012 ).